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August 10th: Remembering a Day of Tragedy for the People of Vietnam_我的网站

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A | Some three million Vietnamese were affected by direct contact with dioxin in that decade.,14% of the territory of South Vietnam was exposed to this toxin, causing severe consequences for the land and nature. Five thousand square kilometers of mangrove forests were almost completely destroyed; about 10,000 square kilometers of jungle and more than a thousand square kilometers of lowland forests were affected. American troops destroyed 70% of the coconut plantations and 60% of the Gewea plantations; they also changed the ecological balance of Vietnam.,The affected areas lost 18 out of 150 bird species; nearly all amphibians and insects disappeared; the number of fish in rivers decreased, and their composition changed. The microbiological composition of soils was disturbed. Changes in the fauna resulted in the replacement of black rats, which are safe for humans, with other species that were plague carriers. Alterations in the mosquito species composition led to the introduction of malaria-carrying ones. Dioxin: A Permanently Exploding Bomb The large-scale US use of chemical warfare in Vietnam lasted until late 1971. But this war was not over for Vietnam itself, said Professor Andrei Kuznetsov, director general of the Russian Division of the Joint Russo-Vietnamese Research and Technology Tropical Center, in an interview with Sputnik.,“This is because dioxins, once inside the human body, begin to work like an HIV infection. If a person is completely healthy, they do not affect him. As soon as the human immune system weakens and any disease begins, dioxins immediately get integrated into the disease chains and start working in their own way. No one knows just how. They can cause cancer, damage to the liver, skin, respiratory system, and much more. Dioxin pathology is very diverse. And the most tragic thing is that it is inherited through mother's milk. More than a million and a half Vietnamese in the three postwar generations have suffered from it. For an extremely long time, for many generations, dioxins will continue to be passed on from women to their children. Moreover, there is no minimum permissible dose for dioxins,” says Andrei Kuznetsov.,Today, Vietnam faces the ever-present threat that children will be born with a wide variety of defects. To this day, several villages there are closed to the public, where children are born into families with various deformities. There are several specialized boarding schools where children with genetic defects live. Scientists from different countries have been studying the effects of dioxin on soil for a long time, but only in temperate and northern climates. No one has studied its impact in the tropics. There have been no studies on what happens when dioxin molecules enter the soil under tropical conditions, continued Professor Kuznetsov.,“The Joint Russo-Vietnamese Research and Tropical Technology Center is the first and only one to address this issue. It was commonly believed that dioxin molecules were insoluble. Supposedly, humus binds them and they remain in the top layer of the soil. One could bulldoze or even shovel it and burn it. But it turns out that things are different in the tropics. Dioxin molecules bind with various acids in the soil, forming new dioxin-containing molecules that become water-soluble and water-permeable. They mix with rainfall streams, sink into the soil, get transported by subsurface water, and subsequently enter wells, lakes, rivers, and seas hundreds of kilometers away from where they were sprayed. This situation persists in Vietnam to this day. There are several ‘hot spots’; places where, during the aggression, the Americans stored barrels with chemical agents. When they left Vietnam, they shot these barrels with large-caliber machine guns and left them there. For example, this happened in Da Nang, which was one of the largest US military bases. And the same happened at the US military base in Bien Hoa. These two former bases are still the largest and scariest hotbeds of contamination,” said Andrei Kuznetsov.,The expert also noted that the Americans recently have conducted a demonstrative action in Da Nang – and have now begun it in Bien Hoa – to decontaminate the soil to a depth of two meters in those places where barrels with warfare agents were stored. But they don`t check the level of dioxin contamination even within the radius of 200-300 meters from the storage sites. Meanwhile, subsurface water transports pesticides far beyond those limits.,The Mission of Joint Tropical Center The Joint Russo-Vietnamese Research and Technology Tropical Center has been studying the consequences of the US chemical war in Vietnam since its founding. In fact, it was established precisely for this work, noted Professor Kuznetsov.,“We were tasked with determining whether contact with dioxin leads to genetic changes in humans and has a detrimental effect on soil, flora, and fauna. Our conclusion - yes, it does. The results of our work were published and reported to the leadership of Vietnam’s Ministry of National Defense and Ministry of Health, together with our scientific and practical recommendations on combating various dioxin-related effects. At the same time, we noted that the most effective, global way to prevent dioxins from damaging people is to take maximum care of their health. That is, Vietnam needs to invest much more in health care than countries that have not been exposed to this toxic chemical. We cannot yet say when the effects of US chemical warfare will cease in Vietnam. After all, Vietnam is the first and only country to have been exposed to such massive amounts of poisonous substances,” Kuznetsov concluded.。 “画面显示现场搭设有金属管脚手架，脚手架上有一名佩戴红色安全帽的人员，安全防护多处缺失。脚手架下方地面堆放有钢管、扣件等物料，左下角可见两名佩戴白色安全帽的人员站立，背景可见混凝土墙体结构。”这是在杭州一工地抓拍的现场画面，但就在快门按下的瞬间，一个看不见的“安全监管员”完成了对这张照片的“审阅”——脚手架搭设不合规、高处作业未系跨安全带、高处作业吊篮不规范，三条隐患同步弹出，整改指令随即下发。这位“安全监管员”，就是浙江蓝宸数联科技有限公司打造的AI建安智检平台。“过去，工地安全巡检主要靠人，特别是对于一些隐患识别，还得看老师傅的经验。但人总有局限，不能时时刻刻盯着，像外立面、深基坑、高边坡这些‘难以一眼看清的角落’，往往是事故的高发区。”蓝宸数联董事长魏自金曾在城建领域深耕十余年，对此深有感触。而如今人工智能的应用，让巡检效率有了质的提升。AI建安智检平台将工地划分为巡检网格，联动球机、无人机、机器狗、执法记录仪等设备，开展空天地一体主动巡检，依托自主研发的AI智能体驱动，可以实现从自动抓拍、AI识别、分级派单到整改复核、线上闭环的全流程数字化管控。目前，平台已覆盖14大类、46大重点隐患类型、140余类安全隐患，语义描述准确率达98.21%，平均AI隐患识别准确率不低于86%，处于行业领先水平。这些成效斐然的数字背后，其实有本不断更新的“教科书”在支撑——工地安全隐患高质量数据集，它让AI不仅能“看到”，更能“看懂”。“数据集不是数据的简单搜集，而是带有成效逻辑的完整链条，包括采集、标注、分析、闭环四个环节。

B | ”魏自金解释，以基坑为例，拍照只是第一步，接下来要从土堆的高度、坡度、湿度、行业规范等多个维度进行综合分析，判断是否存在滑坡风险。发现隐患后还要派单、整改、复查，直到确认闭环。而这精准研判、举一反三的能力，来自日复一日的高强度训练。记者了解到，蓝宸数联的数据来源非常广泛，监管数据、项目数据、施工企业数据都在不断“喂”给AI建安大模型。不仅如此，团队还会主动“投喂”一些错误数据，倒逼模型练就一双“火眼金睛”。

C | “同样的隐患，我们识别得更快更准，靠的就是数据集更全面、训练更充分。”目前，蓝宸数联高质量行业数据集已入选杭州市第一批城乡建设领域“人工智能+”高质量数据集建设名单。

D | 值得关注的是，蓝宸数联还将“AI建安智检系统”与“工地安全隐患数据集”挂牌杭州数据交易所，推动企业数据资产化、赋能智慧城市建设高质量发展。深耕城建领域智能化转型，是蓝宸数联立足行业痛点、把握数字风口的精准布局，早在2020年，魏自金便坚定投身城建AI视觉研发，在他看来，城建领域项目体量庞大、施工场景繁杂、从业人员众多、工况变化频繁，是打磨人工智能算法、锤炼AI技术能力与业务综合能力的“绝佳试炼场”。“能啃下这块‘硬骨头’，后续再将技术、模型、体系复制落地到其他领域，便能事半功倍。”魏自金表示，蓝宸数联即将把业务拓展至交通、能源、水务等板块，先攻克通用类隐患，再逐步深入各行业的专属场景。